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Usatadza

Kumba Hutano Chikafu Nutrition oi-Neha Ghosh Na Neha Ghosh munaGunyana 20, 2019

Sekureva kwedhata reThe Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Public Health Foundation yeIndia (PHFI) uye National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) Nutrition, mu2017, kushomeka kwezvakakwana ndiko kwakanyanya njodzi yekufa muvana vari pasi pemakore mashanu mu nyika dzese dzeIndia. Yakave ne68.2% yevakafa vese muvana. Mwero wekufa wakakwira zvakanyanya kusvika ku706,000.

Maodzanyemba eAsia ane akanyanya kushaya mwana kushaya zvinovaka muviri, maererano neGlobal Hunger Index. Pasi rose, vanhu vanosvika zviuru mazana manomwe nemakumi mapfumbamwe nenomwe havana kudya zvinovaka muviri, mazhinji acho ari mu Africa ne Asia.

Dhata reWorld Bank rinoratidza kuti India ine imwe yehuwandu hwepasi rose hwevana vanotambura nekushaya chikafu. MuIndia muna2017, kuwanda kwehuremu hwekuzvarwa-huremu hwaive pa21.4%, mwana ari pasi pehuremu aive pa32.7%, kuparara kwevana kwaive pa15,7%, vana vakadzikama vaive pa39.3%, vakafuta vana pa11.5%, kupererwa neropa muvana kwaive 59.7% , uye kupererwa neropa muvakadzi vane makore 15-49 yaive 54.4%.

Nyika dzeIndia uko kushomeka kwekudya zvinovaka muviri kwakakurumbira ndiRajasthan, Bihar, Assam uye Uttar Pradesh.

Chii Chinonzi Kusadya Zvakakwana? ^[1]

Sekureva kwesangano reWorld Health Organisation (WHO), kushaya zvinovaka muviri zvinoreva kuti kushomeka kana kusaenzana mukudya kwemunhu zvinovaka muviri. Inovhara mapoka maviri akareba emamiriro - kushaya zvinovaka muviri kunosanganisira kupambadza, kudzikama, kushomeka uye kushomeka kwemicronutrient. Yechipiri ndeyekushaya kudya kwakakwana uko kune kuwanda kwezvakawanda zvinovaka muviri izvo zvinogona kukonzera kufutisa, huturu hwevitamini, nezvimwe.

Zvinokonzera Kusadya Zvakakwana ^[piri]

Yenguva refu-mamiriro ezvinhu anokonzeresa kushaya kudya
Kukanganisa kugaya
Wedzera mukuda kwemuviri kwesimba
Mamiriro ehutano hwepfungwa senge schizophrenia kana kushushikana kunochinja mafungiro ako uye chishuwo chekudya
Mamiriro akaita seCrohn's disease kana ulcerative colitis anokanganisa kugona kwemuviri kugaya chikafu kana kutora zvinovaka muviri
Chimwe chikonzero chekushaya chikafu chingave anorexia, chirwere chekudya
Zvemagariro uye zvekufamba matambudziko
Kudhakwa
Kuyamwisa.

Zviratidzo Uye Zviratidzo Zvekushaikwa Kwekudya Kwakakwana

Kupera kwekufarira chikafu kana zvinwiwa
Kushatirwa uye kuneta
Kusakwanisa kuisa pfungwa
Kunzwa kutonhora nguva dzese
Kurasikirwa kwemaviri emuviri, mhasuru, uye kurasikirwa kwemafuta
Yakareba kupora nguva yemaronda
Ngozi yakakwira yekurwara uye kutora nguva kuti uwanezve.

Vana vanoratidza kushomeka kwekukura uye vanoneta nekushatirwa. Hunhu hwekuita uye hunyanzvi hwekukura zvakare hunononoka, pamwe zvichikonzera matambudziko ekudzidza. Uye kana vanhu vakuru vatambura nekushomeka kwakanyanya, vanozopora zvizere nemushonga.

Mhando dze Kusadya Zvakakwana

1. Kukura kukundikana kushaya zvinovaka muviri - Iko kutadza kwemunhu kukura sekutarisirwa muhuremu nekureba maererano nezera rake uye murume kana murume ^[3] .

2. Kushaya zvinovaka muviri zvakanyanya kana kutambisa - Izvo zvinoitika kunze kwekukurumidza, kwakanyanya uremu hwekudzikira. Izvi zvinotungamira kumhando nhatu dzemakiriniki ekushaya kudya zvinovaka muviri marasmus, kwashiorkor, uye marasmic-kwashiorkor ^[4] .

3. Kusadya zvinovaka muviri kana kudzimbikana - Rudzi urwu rwekushaya zvinovaka muviri runotanga asati aberekwa nekuda kwehutano husina kunaka hwaamai uye zvinotungamira mukukura kwemwana.

4. Kusadya zvinovaka muviri - Izvi zvinoreva kushomeka zvine mwero kusvika kwakanyanya kwevhitamini A, vhitamini B, vhitamini C, vhitamini D, calcium, ayodini, folate, iron, zinc uye selenium. ^[5] .

Ndeapi Mhedzisiro Yekusadya Zvakakwana Muvana? ^[6]

Mazino ari kuora
Kushomeka kwekudzivirira muviri
Matadza ekuzvimba nekubuda ropa
Ganda rakaoma uye rine ganda
Kusimba
Kuva nedambudziko mukutarisa nekuteerera
Kuzvimba mudumbu
Tsvina kushaya simba
Kukura kwakashata
Kupera simba
Osteoporosis
Kushanda kwebasa kutadza
Matambudziko ekudzidza

Chii Chinokonzeresa Kushomeka Kwevana Muvana? ^[7]

Zvirwere zvinokonzeresa kuzvimba kwematumbu kuzvimba senge chirwere chinoputira ura uye chirwere checeliac muvana chinogona kutungamira mukushomeka. Utachiona hwemukati memukati muvana hunokonzerawo kushomeka kwevana muhutano.

Marapirwo Aungaitwa Vana Vasina Kubatsirwa? ^[8]

Mazhinji emhedzisiro inokuvadza yekushaya kudya zvinovaka muviri anokwanisa kudzoserwa chete kana mwana asina kudya zvakakwana. Kana iwe uri kuona kuti mwana wako ave kushaya simba, saka iye kana iye ari kushaya zvinovaka muviri. Taura nachiremba wako uyo anogona kuongorora muviri uye achabvunza nezvemhando uye huwandu hwechikafu chiri kudya mwana wako. Chiremba achayerawo kureba kwemwana wako, huremu uye huwandu hwemuviri (BMI), ongorora chero mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kukonzera kushomeka kwezvokudya zvinovaka muviri, kuraira kuongororwa kweropa kuti utarise kushomeka kwehutano.

Kurapa kwekushomeka kwezvikafu zvinovaka muviri kunoenderana zvakanyanya nechikonzero. Nyanzvi yezvokudya inogona kukurudzira shanduko yakatarwa muhuwandu hwechikafu uye inokurudzira zvekudya zvinowedzera zvakaita sevitamin uye mamineral. Kwete vana chete, asi vakuru vakuru zvakare vanoita kunge vane kushaya zvinovaka muviri zvakare.

Ndeapi Mhedzisiro Yekusadya Zvakakwana Muvakuru Vakwegura?

Vakwegura vanhu vakuru nekushaya chikafu zvinovaka muviri vanogona kuve nematambudziko mazhinji ehutano sekusarongeka kwekudzikira uremu, kupera simba uye kushaya simba kwemhasuru, kuneta uye kuneta, kushushikana, kupererwa neropa, kushushikana, matambudziko ekurangarira uye neisina simba immune system.

Nekuda kweaya matambudziko ehutano, vakuru vasina kudya zvinovaka muviri vanoshanyira vanachiremba vavo kazhinji. Ivo havakwanisi kupora kubva pakuvhiyiwa kana mamwe marapiro nekukurumidza sevakuru vane hutano vakaguta.

Chii Chinokonzeresa Kushomeka Kwevatano Muvakuru Vakwegura? ^[9]

Zvinhu zvinoverengeka zvinogona kukonzera kushomeka kwezvikafu zvinovaka muviri muvanhu vakuru zvinosanganisira:

Matambudziko ehutano - Kuva nematambudziko ehutano senge kuora mwoyo uye zvimwe zvirwere zvisingaperi zvinotungamira mukurasikirwa nechido. Vanogona kuiswa pachikafu chakaganhurirwa zvakare.

Mishonga - Kune mimwe mishonga inogona kudzikisira kudya kwako kana kukanganisa iko kunhuwirira uye hwema hwechikafu izvo zvingaite kuti zviome kudya chikafu.

Kuremara - Vakwegura vakuru vanorarama nehurema kana hurema hwepanyama uye kugara vega vangatadze kuzvibikira.

Doro - Inoderedza kudya uye inokanganisa maitiro echisikigo emuviri ekutora zvinovaka muviri. Iyo inokanganisa maitiro ezvekudya nekukanganisa kuchengetedza chikafu, kugaya, mashandisirwo uye kuburitswa kwehutano.

Maitiro Ekurapa Kushaya Kwechikafu MuVakuru Vakwegura? ^[10]

Izvo zvakakosha kukumbira kuongororwa kwematambudziko ezvehutano panguva yekushanya kwechiremba uye kubvunza nezve izvo zvinovaka muviri zvinokukodzera zvakanyanya.
Chikafu chakazara nezvinovaka muviri chinofanira kudyiwa. Idya zvakaenzana nenzungu uye mhodzi, makeke, michero, miriwo, zviyo, mabutiri emukaka, mukaka wakakwana nezvimwe. Unogona kuwedzera mamwe mazai machena kune maomelette uye wobva wawedzera chizi kumasopu ako, manoodles uye masangweji kuwedzera kukosha kwehutano.
Kudya kwakarambidzwa kunogona kuitwa kunakidze nekushandisa muto wemonimu, zvinonhuwira nemishonga.
Binge pane zvinwiwa zvine utano sechidimbu chemuchero kana chizi, chipunu chepeanut butter kana muchero smoothie unozopa muviri wako huwandu hwakawanda hwezvakadyiwa uye macalorie.
Edza kuita zvine mwero kune mashoma maekisesaizi zuva nezuva, zvinobatsira kukurudzira chishuwo, kusimbisa mapfupa uye mhasuru.

Ndiani Ari Panjodzi Yakakwira Yekushomeka Kwezvokudya?

Vakwegura, kunyanya avo vari muchipatara.
Vanhu vane mari shoma kana avo vakasarudzika munharaunda.
Vanhu vane kusagadzikana kwenguva refu, semuenzaniso, kusagadzikana kwekudya senge anorexia nervosa uye bulimia.
Vanhu vanopora kubva pakurwara kwakakomba kana mamiriro, kunyanya iwo iwo mamiriro anokanganisa kugona kwavo kudya.

Nzira yekuona sei kushaya zvinovaka muviri?

Kuti uone kushomeka kwezvokudya zvinovaka muviri, unofanirwa kucherechedza tsika dzekudya dzemudiwa wako, chenjera kushomeka kusinga tsanangurike, tarisa maronda ari kutora nguva kupora, matambudziko emazino uye chengeta pane mishonga inokanganisa kudya.

Nzira Dzokudzivirira Kusadya Zvakakwana

1. Sarudza chikafu chine hutano

Izvo zvakakosha kuti ukurudzire vadikanwa vako kuti vaite sarudzo dzine hutano dzechikafu. Kutanga, tanga nekuwana yako yakasarudzika ruzivo rwehutano maererano nehunhu hwako, zera, kureba, huremu uye chiitiko chemuviri. Nakidzwa nechikafu chako iwe uchidya, zadza hafu yeplate yako nemaorenji, matsvuku, mashava uye akasviba-girini michero ine mavara nemiriwo.

2. Kudya zvine utano

Snack pazvinhu zvine hutano zvekudya kuti uwane mukana wakanaka wezvekuwedzera mishonga uye macalorie pakati pekudya. Kudya zvine hutano kunovandudza hutano hwako hwese, kusimudzira simba rehuropi, kudzora manzwiro, uye kupa muviri wako huwandu hwakakwana hwesimba.

3. Rovedza muviri

Sezvo kushaya chikafu zvinovaka muviri kuchikonzera kuonda kukuru, kurovedza muviri kwemaminitsi makumi matatu pazuva kunogona kubatsira mukugadzirisa uremu, kurwisa mamiriro ehutano nezvirwere, kugadzirisa mamiriro uye kuwedzera simba.

4. Wedzera zvinowedzera mukudya kwako

Munhu ane kushaya zvinovaka muviri anogona kubatsirika kubva kune yekuwedzera zunza kana zvimwe zvekuwedzera zvekuwedzera.

Goverana ichi chinyorwa!

Wona Chinyorwa Mareferenzi

[1]Yadav, S. S., Yadav, S. T., Mishra, P., Mittal, A., Kumar, R., & Singh, J. (2016). Chidzidzo cheEpidemiological chekushaya chikafu zvinovaka muviri Pakati peVana Vane Vashanu Vana Vemumaruwa neUrban Haryana. Jenari yezvekurapa uye ongororo yekuongorora: JCDR, 10 (2), LC07-LC10.
[piri]Motedayen, M., Dousti, M., Sayehmiri, F., & Pourmahmoudi, A. A. (2019). Kuongororwa kweKupararira uye Zvinokonzera Kushaya Zvokudya zvinovaka muviri muIran: Chinyorwa Chekudzokorora uye Meta-ongororo.Clinical Nutrition research, 8 (2), 101-118.
[3]Scholl, T. O., Johnston, F. E., Cravioto, J., DeLicardie, E. R., & Lurie, D. S. (1979). Hukama hwekukundikana kwekukura (kusingaperi kwekusadya zvinovaka muviri) kusvika pakuwanda kwechipatara chakakomba mapuroteni-simba kushaya zvinovaka muviri uye nekukura kudzikira muprotein-simba kushaya zvinovaka muviri. Rondedzero yeAmerican yekiriniki yekudya, 32 (4), 872-878.
[4]Bhadoria, A. S., Kapil, U., Bansal, R., Pandey, R. M., Pant, B., & Mohan, A. (2017). Kupararira kwekushomeka kwakanyanya uye kwakabatana mamiriro ehukama pakati pevana vane makore matanhatu-mashanu-makore muvanhu vekumaruwa eNorth India: Ongororo yehuwandu hwevanhu. Jemari yemishonga yemhuri uye yekutanga kuchengetwa, 6 (2), 380-385.
[5]Gonmei, Z., & Toteja, G. S. (2018). Micronutrient chinzvimbo chevagari vemuIndia.India magazini ekutsvaga kwekurapa, 148 (5), 511-521.
[6]Gaayeb, L., Sarr, J. B., Mifananidzo, C., Pinçon, C., Hanon, J. B., Ndiath, M. O.,… Hermann, E. (2014). Mhedzisiro yekushomeka kwezvakakwana pakudzivirirwa kwevana kuzvirwere zvehutachiona muNorthern Senegal.Rondedzero yeAmerican yemishonga yekunyanyisa uye hutsanana, 90 (3), 566-573.
[7]Sahu, S. K., Kumar, S. G., Bhat, B. V., Premarajan, K. C., Sarkar, S., Roy, G., & Joseph, N. (2015). Kushaya zvinovaka muviri pakati pevana vari pasi pevashanu muIndia uye nzira dzekudzora.Journal yesainzi sainzi, biology, uye mushonga, 6 (1), 18-23.
[8]Lenters, L., Wazny, K., & Bhutta, Z A. (2016). Management yeakakomba uye zvine mwero yakaoma kushaya zvinovaka muviri muvana Kubereka, Maternal, Achangozvarwa, uye Hutano hweVana, 205.
[9]Hickson M. (2006). Kushaikwa kwezvokudya zvinovaka muviri uye kukwegura.Postgraduate magazini yezvokurapa, 82 (963), 2-8.
[10]Wells, J. L., & Dumbrell, A. C. (2006). Nutrition uye kukwegura: kuongorora uye kurapwa kweakakanganiswa mamiriro ehutano mune asina kusimba akwegura varwere.Clinical kupindira mukukwegura, 1 (1), 67-79.