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Kumba Hutano Kukanganisa kurapa Kushungurudzika Kurapa oi-Amritha K By Amritha K. Nyamavhuvhu 21, 2019| Yakaongororwa Na Alex Maliekal

Kufutisa ndiko kuwandisa kwemafuta emuviri. KuIndia, kufutisa kwave denda ne5 muzana yenyika iri kubatwa nayo. Iyo nyaya haisi yekungoita yekushongedzerwa asi iyo inogona kuwedzera mukana wako wekuvandudza zvimwe zvirwere nematambudziko akati wandei ehutano.

Kufutisa kunotsanangurwa sekuve nemuviri mashoma index (BMI) makumi matatu kana kudarika. BMI inoverengwa nekutarisa kureba uye huremu hwemunhu. Zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita sezera, bonde, dzinza, uye mhasuru yemunhu zvinogona kukanganisa kubatana pakati pemafuta emuviri neBMI. Nekudaro, BMI ndiyo yakajairwa chiratidzo chehuremu hwakawandisa ^[1] ^[piri] .

Kuti uone yako BMI, iwe unofanirwa kuganhura huremu hwako mumakirogiramu nehurefu hwako mumamita akaenzana (BMI = kg / m2).

Tarisa BMI yako pano.

Mhando dzekufutisa

Kune akawanda akapatsanurwa ekuwedzeredza. Mamiriro acho anosiyaniswa zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekuiswa kwemafuta, kusangana nezvimwe zvirwere uye kukura uye nhamba yemafuta maseru ^[3] .

Zvichienderana nekubatana pamwe nezvimwe zvirwere, kufutisa kunoiswa muzvikamu zviviri uye zvinotevera.

Type-1 kufutisa: Rudzi urwu rwekuneta runokonzerwa nekunyanyisa kudya macalorie uye kushaya kwekuita muviri.
Type-2 kufutisa: Izvo zvinokonzerwa nezvirwere zvakaita sehypothyroidism, polycystic ovarian chirwere, uye insulinoma nezvimwe Type-2 kufutisa hazviwanzo uye zvinowirirana chete 1 muzana yezviyero zvekufutisa. Mumwe munhu ane mhando-2 kufutisa anowana huwandu husina kujairika hwehuremu kunyangwe nekudya kushoma.

Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekuiswa kwemafuta, kufutisa kunoiswa muzvikamu zvitatu uye zvinotevera ^[4] :

Peripheral kufutisa: Rudzi urwu rwekuneta ndipo apo kuunganidzwa kwemafuta akawandisa kuri muhudyu, magaro nezvidya.
Central kufutisa: Rudzi urwu rwekuneta ndipo apo kuunganidzwa kwemafuta akawandisa kuri munzvimbo yepadumbu.
Mubatanidzwa wezvose

Zvichienderana nesaizi uye huwandu hwemafuta maseru, kufutisa kunogona kuganhurwa mumhando mbiri uye ivo vari ^[4] :

Adult-mhando kufutisa: Mune mhando iyi yekufutisa, chete saizi yemafuta maseru inowedzerwa uye inokura panguva yepakati zera.
Kufuta kwemwana-rudzi: Mune izvi, huwandu hwemafuta maseru hunowedzera uye hwakaomarara zvakanyanya nekuti huwandu hwesero hwunotadza kudzikiswa.

Zvinokonzera Kufutisa

Kuwedzera kwemafuta kunowanzo kukonzerwa nehunhu, hunhu, hutachiona uye hunhu hwehomoni pahuremu hwemuviri, nekudya koriori ndicho chikonzero chikuru. Ndokunge, kudya macalorie kupfuura iwe zvaunotsva mukuita kwezuva nezuva uye kurovedza muviri kunotungamira kufutisa ^[5] .

Zvinonyanya kukonzera kufutisa zvinotevera:

Kudya kwakashata kwezvikafu zvine mafuta akawanda uye macalorie
Kuchembera nekuti kukura uchikura kunogona kutungamira kushomeka tsandanyama tsandanyama uye inononoka metabolic rate
Kushaikwa kwekurara, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukuchinja kwehomoni kunoita kuti unzwe kunzwa nzara uye kupanga chikafu chekoriori chakanyanya
Sedentary mararamiro
Genetics
Kubata

Kunze kweizvi, mamwe marapirwo anogona kutungamira mukufutisa, senge anotevera ^[6] :

Hypothyroidism (iri pasi-inoshanda utachiona)
Cushing chirwere
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Prader-Willi chirwere
Osteoarthritis

Zviratidzo zvekufutisa

Chiratidzo chekutanga chekunyepedzera chiri kuwedzera pamusoro-avhareji uremu hwemuviri. Kunze kwaizvozvo, zviratidzo zvekufutisa zvinotevera ^[7] :

Kurara kufema
Matombo
Osteoarthritis
Kunetseka kurara
Kufema kwekufema
Varicose tsinga
Matambudziko eganda anokonzerwa nehunyoro

Njodzi Zviitiko zvekufutisa

Zvinhu zvakasiyana senge kusanganiswa kwemajini, ezvakatipoteredza, uye zvepfungwa zvinoita basa rakakura mukuwedzera njodzi yemunhu yekuwedzera kufutisa ^[8] .

Mageneti kana nhaka yemhuri (kureva majeni aunotora kubva kuvabereki vako anogona kukanganisa huwandu hwemafuta emuviri akachengetwa nekuparadzirwa mumuviri wako).
Mararamiro sarudzo senge chikafu chisina hutano, zvinwiwa zvine macalorie mazhinji, kushomeka kwezviitwa nezvimwe.
Zvimwe zvirwere (saPrader-Willi syndrome, Cushing syndrome nezvimwewo)
Mishonga yakadai semushonga-wekubata mishonga, mishonga yekudzvinyirira, mishonga yeshuga, mishonga yekurapa pfungwa.
Shamwari-denderedzwa uye mhuri (kana iwe uchinyanyisa vanhu vakatenderedza, mikana yekuwedzera kufutisa inowedzera)
Zera
Kubata
Kusvuta
Microbiome (gut bhakitiriya)
Kushaya hope
Kushungurudzika
Ini-ini kudya

Matambudziko Ekufutisa

Ivo vanhu vakafutisa vari kuramba vachikombamira kumatambudziko akasiyana ehutano ayo akanyanyisa kukura muchimiro.

Matambudziko makuru anosanganisira anotevera ^[9] ^[10] :

Nyora 2 chirwere cheshuga
Chirwere chemoyo
Imwe gomarara (ovary, zamu, cervix, chibereko, colon, rectum, chiropa, nduru, itsvo, prostate etc.)
Cholesterol yakakwira
Zvirwere zvegallbladder
Kurohwa
Matambudziko echikadzi uye epabonde
Zvinetso zvekudya

Kunze kweizvi, kufutisa kunogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwemunhu. Kushungurudzika, kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe, kuremara, kugona kuita basa zvakadzikira, kunyara nezvimwewo ndidzo dzimwe nzira dzekufutisa dzinogona kukanganisa hupenyu hweunhu ^[10] .

Kuongororwa kweKufutisa

Chiremba achatanga nekuongororwa kwemuviri uye kurudzira bvunzo kuti unzwisise kuomarara kwemamiriro acho ^{[gumi neimwe]} .

Hutano nhoroondo kuongorora
Kuongorora kwepanyama
BMI kuverenga
Chiuno chakatenderedza chiyero kuti unzwisise kugoverwa kwemafuta emuviri chinosanganisira ganda-rakapetana ukobvu, chiuno-kusvika-muchiuno kuenzanisa
Kuongororwa kweropa
Kuongorora bvunzo senge ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), uye magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) inoongorora

Kurapa Kwekufutisa

Chinangwa chekuneta kurapwa kuwana huremu hwakanaka uye kuuchengetedza. Mushonga unoitwa kusimudzira hutano hwako hwese uye kudzora njodzi yekukura kwehutano.

Shanduko yekudya: Nhanho yekutanga uye yepamusoro yekutora kufutisa ndeyekuchinja kwekudya. Kuderedza macalorie uye kudzidzira kudya zvine hutano zvinodiwa. Saka tanga nekucheka macalorie, uchidya zvikamu zvakakura zvezvikafu zvine macalorie mashoma (semiriwo nemichero), kudya chikafu chinogadzirwa nemiti, senge michero, miriwo uye yakazara-zviyo makabhohydrate Chengetedza kudyiwa kwako kwepamusoro-makabhohaidhiretsi kana chikafu chizere-mafuta ^[12] .
Exercise: Kuwedzera zviitiko zvako zvemuviri idanho rakakosha pakurapa kufutisa. Vanhu vane kufutisa vanofanirwa kuwana inokwana maminetsi zana nemakumi mashanu pasvondo rekurovedza muviri. Inoshanda uye inoshanda kusarudza kurovedza muviri kunobatsira kupisa macalorie. Shanduko dzakareruka senge kutora masitepisi pachinzvimbo cherevheta, kurima gadheni, kufamba madaro mafupi pane kutora mota yako kunogona kubatsira kudurura huremu hwacho ^[13] .
Shanduko yemaitiro: Maitiro ekugadzirisa maitiro anogona kukubatsira kuti uchinje mararamiro uye kukukurudzira kuti uderedze huremu. Zvakare inonzi sehunhu hwekurapa, inogona kukubatsira mukunzwisisa iwe nemaitiro ako zvirinani uye ushande zvinoenderana nekudzikira uremu. Kuenda kunopihwa mazano uye mapoka ekutsigira kunogona kubatsira ^[14] .
Mishonga: Kunze kwekurovedza muviri uye tsika dzekudya, mushonga wehuremu-kurasikirwa nemishonga zvakare inzira inoshanda yekurapa kufutisa. Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira uremu-kurasikirwa nemushonga kana zvimwe zvekudya uye zvirongwa zvekurovedza muviri zvisina basa. Iyo mishonga inozotemerwa zvichibva pahutano hwako, pamwe nezvinogona kuitika.
Kuvhiya: Kuvhiya kunowanzoitwa chete mune nyaya yekufutisa kwakanyanya. Nezviitiko zvakakomba, vanachiremba vanosarudza kuvhiyiwa-kurasikirwa uremu, inonziwo kuvhiyiwa bariatric. Kuvhiya uku kunobatsira kudzikisira mashandisiro aungaita (uye) kana kunogona kudzikisa kudyiwa kwechikafu nemakoriori. Mimwe yeanowanzoitwa uremu-kurasikirwa kuvhiya kunosanganisira gastric bypass kuvhiya, inogadziriswa gastric bhendi, biliopancreatic diversion ine duodenal switch uye gastric sleeve ^{[gumi neshanu]} ^[16] .

Pane Yekupedzisira Chiziviso ...

Kufutisa kunogona kudzivirirwa. Nekutora shanduko yemararamiro uye sarudzo dzakanaka dzekudya, unogona kuzvibatsira kubva pakuwana uremu hwese uhu. Usaregeredze (mwenje) kurovedza zuva nezuva kweinenge makumi maviri nemakumi matatu maminetsi, idya chikafu chinovaka muviri semichero nemiriwo uye dzivisa kudya zvine mafuta akawanda.

Infographics naSharan Jayanth

Wona Chinyorwa Mareferenzi

[1]Ranjani, H., Mehreen, T. S., Pradeepa, R., Anjana, R. M., Garg, R., Anand, K., & Mohan, V. (2016). Epidemiology yehucheche kufutisa & kufutisa muIndia: Kuongorora kwakarongeka. Iyo Indian magazini yekutsvaga kwekurapa, 143 (2), 160.
[piri]Tripathy, J. P., Thakur, J. S., Jeet, G., Chawla, S., Jain, S., & Prasad, R. (2016). Mutaundi-wekumaruwa misiyano mukudya, kurovedza muviri uye kufutisa muIndia: tiri kuona hukuru hukuru hweIndia? Mhedzisiro kubva kuchinjika-chikamu STEPS ongororo. BMC Veruzhinji Hutano, 16 (1), 816.
[3]Filatova, O., Polovinkin, S., Baklanova, E., Plyasova, I., & Burtsev, Y. (2018). Bumbiro remitemo revakadzi vane mhando dzakasiyana dzekufutisa. ChiUkraine Chinyorwa cheEcology, 8 (2), 371-379.
[4]Gilmartin, S., Maclean, J., & Edwards, J. (2019). Mitumbi yemuviri inotevera kuvhiyiwa kwekurema uye kugadziriswazve kweganda: chikamu chechipiri chekuongorora. Zvinyorwa zveSurgery nekuvhiya Ongororo, 5 (1), 036-042.
[5]Allender, S., Owen, B., Kuhlberg, J., Lowe, J., Nagorcka-Smith, P., Whelan, J., & Bell, C. (2015). Iyo nharaunda yakavakirwa masystem dhizaini yekurema kunokonzera. PloS imwe, 10 (7), e0129683.
[6]Sahoo, K., Sahoo, B., Choudhury, A. K., Sofi, N. Y., Kumar, R., & Bhadoria, A. S. (2015). Kufutisa kwehudiki: zvikonzero uye mhedzisiro. Zvinyorwa zvemishonga yemhuri uye yekutanga kuchengetedza, 4 (2), 187.
[7]Delgado, I., Huet, L., Dexpert, S., Beau, C., Forestier, D., Ledaguenel, P., ... & Capuron, L. (2018). Zviratidzo zvinoshungurudza mukufutisa: Mupiro wehukama wehuremu-giredhi kuzvimba uye metabolic hutano. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 91, 55-61.
[8]Blümel Méndez, J., Fica, J., Chedraui, P., Mezones Holguín, E., Zúñiga, M. C., Witis, S., ... & Ojeda, E. (2016). Sedentary mararamiro mune epakati-vakadzi vakadzi ane hukama neakakomba menopausal zviratidzo uye kufutisa.
[9]Camilleri, M., Malhi, H., & Acosta, A. (2017). Matumbu ematambudziko ekuneta. Gastroenterology, 152 (7), 1656-1670.
[10]Jakobsen, G. S., Småstuen, M. C., Sandbu, R., Nordstrand, N., Hofsø, D., Lindberg, M., ... & Hjelmesæth, J. (2018). Sangano rekuvhiyiwa bariatric vs kurapa kufutisa kurapwa nekureba-kwenguva kurapa kunetseka uye kufutisa-zvine hukama nehukama. Jama, 319 (3), 291-301.
[gumi neimwe]Suvan, J. E., Finer, N., & D'Aiuto, F. (2018). Periodontal matambudziko nekurema. Periodontology 2000, 78 (1), 98-128.
[12]Nimptsch, K., Konigorski, S., & Pischon, T. (2018). Kuongororwa kwekuneta uye kushandisa kufutisa biomarkers musainzi uye kurapwa mishonga. Metabolism.
[13]Garvey, W. T. (2018). Kuongororwa uye Kuongororwa kwevarwere vane kufutisa. Pfungwa dzazvino muEndocrine uye Ongororo yeMetabolic.
[14]Liu, J., Lee, J., Hernandez, M.A S., Mazitschek, R., & Ozcan, U. (2015). Kurapa kwekuneta necelastrol. Sero, 161 (5), 999-1011.
[gumi neshanu]Kusminski, C. M., Bickel, P. E., & Scherer, P. E. (2016). Targeting adipose tishu mukurapa kufutisa-inosanganisirwa nechirwere cheshuga. Zvemamiriro ekuongorora Kuwanikwa kwezvinodhaka, 15 (9), 639.
[16]Olson, K. (2017). Maitiro ekurapa ekurapa kufutisa. Rhode Island Chiremba Chinyorwa, 100 (3), 21.