Yenyika Ziso Kupa Husiku Husiku 2019: Yazvino Mamiriro Ekuona Kwemeso Kupa MuIndia

Mazita Akanakisa Evana

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Iyo National Eye Donation Makumi mairi inocherechedzwa gore rega kubva 25 Nyamavhuvhu kusvika 8 Gunyana. Mushandirapamwe uyu unotarisira kuzivisa veruzhinji pamusoro pekukosha kwezvekupa nemaziso uye kukurudzira vanhu kuti vavimbise zvipo zvemuviri.

Sekureva kwemishumo, hupofu hwakatsanangurwa seimwe yematambudziko makuru ehutano munyika dzichiri kusimukira seIndia ^[1] .

India Iri Kumba Kune Iyo Yakakwira Chiverengero Chevanhu Mapofu

Sekureva kwemishumo ichangopfuura, zvinofungidzirwa kuti kune vanhu vanosvika mamirioni 6.8 vane chiono chisiri pasi pe6 / 60 mune rimwe ziso nekuda kwezvirwere zvemakona muIndia. Kunze kwehuwandu hwepasi rose hwevanhu vane mamirioni makumi matatu makumi matatu nemapfumbamwe, mapofu gumi nemashanu ndeveIndia ^[piri] . Uye kuratidza, makumi manomwe neshanu muzana ezviitiko izvi upofu hunodzivirirwa - kupenya mwenje pakukosha kwezuva reNational Eye Donation Manheru.

Vanachiremba vemaziso uye maziso akapihwa ekurapwa kwekupofomara kwechiso akapararira zvakanyanya munyika neane zviuru zvisere chete zvema optometrist munzvimbo ye40,000 optometrists. Kunze kwaizvozvo, mishumo inoratidza kuti India inoda maziso maviri nemazana maviri ezviuru gore rimwe nerimwe uye vanokwanisa chete kuwana zviuru zvishoma makumi maviri nezvishanu kubva kumabhangi emaziso e109 munyika. Uye chete dzinoverengeka zviuru gumi zvemakona transplants ari kuitwa gore rega rega nekuda kwekushomeka ^[piri] .

Ma153 mamirioni maIndia anoda magirazi ekuverenga asi haakwanise kuwana. Huwandu hwevanhu vakapofumara munyika vanogona kuenderana nenhamba shoma yezvikoro makumi maviri chete zvemaopthometry izvo zvinongoburitsa vangangoita maziso gumi chete pagore, nevanhu vanosvika mamirioni gumi nemanomwe vachiwedzerwa kuhuwandu hwevanhu. ^[3] .

Kunze kwemamirioni gumi nemashanu, mamirioni matatu vana vanotambura nehupofu nekuda kwekukanganiswa kwemakona.

Chipo Chekupa MuIndia

Kuzvinyoresa semupi wemupi uye kusarudza kuti ubatsire mumwe munhu mushure mekufa kwako chiito chikuru. Anopa nhengo anobatsira vanhu kudzoreredza mamwe mabasa, sekuona. Nekupa maziso ako mushure mekufa, munhu akapofumara akadzoreredza kugona kwavo kuona kuburikidza nehurongwa hwekuvhiya unozivikanwa sekukwirisa corneal, uko iyo cornea yakakuvara inotsiviwa nekornea ine hutano kubva kune anopa ziso ^[4] .

Iyo Transplantation yeHuman Organs Act, 1994 yakagadzwa nehurumende yeIndia kukonzera shanduko yakanaka muzvinhu zvekupa nhengo uye kuisazve muIndia. ^[5] . Kunyangwe nyika dzakasiyana dzakatora nekutambira danho iri, pakange pasina zvekutevera kana mabasa akaitwa kusimudzira kushanda uye kusvika kwechirongwa. Nyika dzakaita seTamil Nadu neAndhra Pradesh dzakaisa mukurumbira, neTamil Nadu iine mipiro yakati wandei makumi matatu nemaviri uye Andhra Pradesh iine zana nemakumi mashanu. ^[6] .

Dzimwe hurumende dzakatevera dzaive Karnataka, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan neKerala.

50% Yemaziso Akapihwa Ari Kuenda Kumarara

Nekuziva uye kukosha kwekupa kwemaziso kuchipararira kuburikidza nehurumende, imwe yenyaya huru dzakatarisana nezvipatara kuponesa maziso akapihwa kubva mukuparara. Sekureva kwemushumo, zvipo zvemaziso makumi mashanu nezvishanu zvakaitwa muIndia kubva panguva yaKubvumbi 2018 kusvika Kurume 2019. Zvisinei, huwandu hwekuiswa kwechiso munyika yaive 28,000 chete. ^[7] .

Anenge makumi mashanu muzana muzana yemakona akaunganidzwa kuburikidza nemadhiraivha ezvemeso haana kushandiswa asi kutambiswa. Uye iyi yakanga isiri mamiriro mune imwe nyika asi munyika yese. Iyo cornea yakapihwa inogona kuchengetwa kwemazuva matanhatu kusvika gumi nemana uye mushure memazuva gumi nemana, inoraswa semarara sezvo isingachagone kushandiswa ^[8] .

Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwemabhangi emaziso akashongedzerwa zvakanaka munyika. India senyika ine mashoma mashoma-akashongedzerwa nemabhangi emaziso pamwe nenhamba shoma yevanachiremba vemaziso.

Nei Vanhu Vachizeza Kupa Maziso

Kunyangwe muzana ramakumi maviri nerimwe rekutanga uye kunyangwe nekuuya kwezviitiko zvakasiyana, vanhu vachiri kusahadzika nezvazvo nekuda kwenhamba dzakakwira dzekufungidzira zvisizvo. Zvinhu zvakaita sekushayikwa kwekuziva, ngano dzine chekuita nekupiwa kwemaziso, kushorwa kwetsika, kushomeka kwekukurudzira uye zvitendero zvetsika zvinoita sematambudziko ^[9] .

Kuchenesa cornea kunowanzoitwa mukati memazuva mana mushure mekupihwa chipo, zvinoenderana nenzira yekuchengetedza cornea uye kubviswa kwechiuno chemaziso kunoitwa nguva pfupi mushure mekufa izvo zvisingakonzere kunonoka mugadziriro yemariro ^[7] .

Ongororo ichangoburwa yakatsvaga pfungwa dzisiridzo maererano nemipiro yemaziso yakaratidza kuti zvikamu makumi maviri nesere kubva muzana zvevanhu mazana matanhatu negumi nevanomwe vakapindura mumadhorobha vaitenda kuti vanopa nhengo havazogamuchira kurapwa kunoponesa apo gumi muzana vanofunga kuti miviri yavo ichatemwa. ^[10] .

Zvirongwa zvakasiyana siyana nezviyero zvakagamuchirwa nehurumende yeIndia nezvipatara zvakasiyana siyana kusimudzira mamiriro azvino ekupa maziso munyika ^{[gumi neimwe]} . Mukuenzanisa negore ra2003, pakave nekuvandudzika kukuru muhuwandu hwevanopa. Nekudaro, zvirinani zvirinani zvekushandisa muchipatara zvinofanirwa kuiswa kuitira kuchengetedza kwakakodzera kweakapihwa makoni.

Kunze kweizvi, semugari weIndia, unofanirwa kunyoresa seanopa nhengo ^[12] . Chero ani zvake anogona kuve mupi weziso (chero zera reboka kana bonde), vane chirwere cheshuga, vanhu vanoshandisa zvioniso, varwere vane chirwere cheBP, varwere veAsthma uye vasina zvirwere zvinotapuriranwa vanogona kupa maziso. Enderera mberi, ibasa rako semunhu wenyama. Nyoreswa seanopa mupiro!

1. [1]Gupta, N., Vashist, P., Ganger, A., Tandon, R., & Gupta, S. K. (2018). Kupa kwemaziso uye kubhengi kwemaziso muIndia. Iyo National Medical Chinyorwa cheIndia, 31 (5), 283.
2. [piri]Leasher, J. L., Bourne, R. R., Flaxman, S. R., Jonas, J. B., Keeffe, J., Naidoo, K., ... & Resnikoff, S. (2016). Kufungidzira kwepasirese pane huwandu hwevanhu vakapofumara kana kutadza kuona nezveshuga retinopathy: meta-ongororo kubva muna1990 kusvika 2010. Kuchengeta chirwere cheshuga, 39 (9), 1643-1649.
3. [3]Gudlavalleti, V. S. M. (2017). Ukuru uye zvenguva mafambiro muhunhu hunodzivirirwa muvana (ABC) muIndia. Iyo Indian Zvinyorwa zvePediatrics, 84 (12), 924-929.
4. [4]Vijayalakshmi, P., Sunitha, T. S., Gandhi, S., Thimmaiah, R., & Math, S. B. (2016). Ruzivo, maitiro uye maitiro eruzhinji rwevanhu kunharaunda yezvipo: maonero eIndia. Iyo National yekurapa magazini yeIndia, 29 (5), 257.
5. [5]Chakradhar, K., Doshi, D., Reddy, B. S., Kulkarni, S., Reddy, M. P., & Reddy, S. S. (2016). Ruzivo, maitiro uye maitiro maererano nechipo chemupiro pakati pevadzidzi vezvemazino eIndia. Runyorwa rwepasirese renhengo yekuisira mushonga, 7 (1), 28.
6. [6]Krishnan, G., & Karanth, S. (2018). 762: Epidemiologic Uye Clinical Nhoroondo Yevaropi-Vakafa Varwere KweMupiro Wechipo KuIndia Center. Inokosha Kuchengetedza Mushonga, 46 (1), 367.
7. [7]Seth, A., Dudeja, G., Dhir, J., Acharya, A., Lal, S., & Singh, B. (2017). Zvimiro uye Kukanganisa kweFortis Healthcare Limited-New Delhi Televizheni 'Zvakawanda Kupa'Mushandirapamwe Wekusimudzira Wakaderera Mutumbi Wekupa muIndia. Kuisazve, 101, S76.
8. [8]NDTV. (2017, Mbudzi 17). 50% Yemaziso Akapihwa Kuenda Kumarara: Hutano Hutano. Kudzorerwa kubva ku https://sites.ndtv.com/moretogive/50-donated-eyes-going-waste-health-ministry-798/
9. [9]Farooqui, J. H., Acharya, M., Dave, A., Chaku, D., Das, A., & Mathur, U. (2019). Kuziva uye ruzivo nezve chipo chemaziso uye mhedzisiro yevanopa mazano: Maonero eNorth Indian. Zvinyorwa zveazvino ophthalmology, 31 (2), 218.
10. [10]Oguego, N., Okoye, O. I., Okoye, O., Uche, N., Aghaji, A., Maduka-Okafor, F., ... & Umeh, R. (2018). Ziso rehutano ngano, zvisizvo uye chokwadi: mhedzisiro yekuyambuka-chikamu chikamu kuongororwa pakati pevana vechikoro veNigerian. Mhuri Mishonga & Yekutanga Kuchengeta Ongororo, (2), 144-148.
11. [gumi neimwe]Vidusha, K., & Manjunatha, S. (2015). Kuziviswa kwekupa kwemaziso pakati pevadzidzi vezvokurapa vechikoro chepamusoro chekutarisira, Bangalore. Asia Pac J Hutano Sci, 2 (2), 94-98.
12. [12]Bhatia, S., & Gupta, N. (2017). KUPA ZISO: KUZIVA KWAZVO NEMAONERO PAKATI PAVADZIDZISI VEMAZANO OKUZODZORA MUTORIKI NEMAZWI AYO ​​ANOSANGANIRA, INDIA. Zvinyorwa zveAdvanced Medical uye Dental Sayenzi Ongororo, 5 (1), 39.

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