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Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, anozivikanwa saAPJ Abdul Kalam, akazvarwa musi wa15 Gumiguru 1931 muRameswaram, Tamil Nadu. Akazvarwa mumhuri yeTamil yechiMuslim, baba vake vaive muridzi wechikepe uye amai vake amai vemba. Abdul Kalam ndiye aive gotwe pahama ina uye vaive nehanzvadzi imwe. Mumakore ake echikoro, aive akajeka uye anoshanda nesimba mudzidzi aive nechishuwo chakasimba chekudzidza.
Abdul Kalam anodanwa nerudo saiye 'Missile Man weIndia'. Pamusi wekuzvarwa kwake, ngatitarisei zvimwe zvezvakataurwa uye makotesheni pamusoro peaimbove Mutungamiriri weIndia.
Chokwadi Nezve APJ Abdul Kalam
1. Pazera remakore mashanu, akatanga kutengesa mapepanhau kuti atsigire mhuri yake uye akaita basa iri mushure memaawa echikoro.
2. Akapedza dzidzo yake kuSchwartz Higher Secondary School, Ramanathapuram. Aifarira kudzidza Physics neMathematics kuchikoro.
3. Akapedza kudzidza kubva kuSaint Joseph's College, Trichurapally muna 1954 uye muna 1955, akanyoresa kuMadras Institute of Technology.
4. Kalam akapedza kudzidza kuMadras Institute of Technology uye akabatana neAeronautical Development Establishment yeDefence Research and Development Organisation muna 1960 saenzi wezvesainzi.
5. Muna 1969, akaendeswa kuIndia Space Research Organisation (ISRO) kwaaive director director weIndia yekutanga Satellite Launch Vehicle.
6. Munguva ya1970-1990, Abdul Kalam akagadzira iyo Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) uye SLV-III mapurojekiti, ayo akabudirira.
7. Kubva munaChikunguru 1991 kusvika Zvita 1999, APJ Abdul Kalam akashanda saMudzidzisi weSainzi kuna Prime Minister uye Secretary of the Defense Research and Development Organisation.
8. Kalam akaremekedzwa nemubairo wakawanda, unosanganisira mubairo wepamusoro soro wevagari vemunyika, Bharat Ratna (1997), Padma Bhushan (1981) naPadma Vibhushan (1990).
9. Kubva 2002 kusvika 2007 akashanda semutungamiriri wechi11 weIndia.
10. Kalam akagamuchira vanachiremba vanokudzwa vanomwe kubva kumayunivhesiti makumi mana.
11. Muna 2011, bhaisikopo reHollywood rakanzi, 'Ndiri Kalam' rakagadzirwa, zvinoenderana nehupenyu hwake.
12. Muna Chivabvu 2012, Kalam akatanga chirongwa chinonzi Ndingapa Chii Movement, yekukunda huwori.
13. Kalam aifarira zvikuru kuridza chiridzwa chemimhanzi Veena.
14. Mushure mekusiya chinzvimbo chake chemutungamiri wenyika, Kalam akave purofesa kuIndia Institute of Management Shillong, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, uye Indian Institute of Management Indore.
15. Abdul Kalam aive anokudzwa shamwari yeIndia Institute of Science, Bangalore, chancellor weIndia Institute of Space Science uye Technology Thiruvananthapuram uye muzvinafundo weAerospace Engineering paAna University.
Musi wa27 Chikunguru 2015, achipa hurukuro kuIndia Institute of Management Shillong, Kalam akadonha ndokufa nekusungwa kwemoyo.
Zvinyorwa na APJ Abdul Kalam
'Unofanira kurota hope dzako dzisati dzaitika.'
'Usamborega kurwa kusvikira wasvika kunzvimbo yako yawakagadzirirwa - ndiko kuti, wakasarudzika iwe. Iva nechinangwa muhupenyu, ramba uchiwana ruzivo, shanda nesimba, uye shingirira kuti uone hupenyu hwakakura. '
'Usatore zororo mushure mekukunda kwako kwekutanga nekuti kana ukatadza rwechipiri, mimwe miromo yakamirira kutaura kuti kukunda kwako kwekutanga yaive rombo rakanaka.'
Kudzidzisa ibasa rakanaka kwazvo rinogadzira hunhu, hunhu, uye ramangwana remunhu. Kana vanhu vakandirangarira semudzidzisi akanaka, iwoyo uchave rukudzo rukuru kwandiri. '
'Kurota, Kurota Kurota
Zviroto zvinoshanduka kuita pfungwa
Uye pfungwa dzinoguma nekuita. '
'Kana zvinhu zvina zvikateverwa - kuve nechinangwa chikuru, kuwana ruzivo, kushanda nesimba, uye kutsungirira - saka chero chinhu chinogona kukwanisika.'
'Tarisa kudenga. Hatisi toga. Zvese zvakasikwa zvine hushamwari kwatiri uye zvinomukira chete kupa zvakanakisa kune avo vanorota nekushanda. '
'Kufunga ndiro guta guru, bhizinesi ndiyo nzira, kushanda nesimba ndiyo mhinduro.'
Shingaira! Tora mutoro! Shandira zvinhu zvaunotenda mazviri. Ukasadaro, uri kupa ramangwana rako kune vamwe. '
'Hatifanire kukanda mapfumo pasi uye hatifanire kutendera dambudziko racho kutikunda.'
